9vs17
مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ
أَن يَعْمُرُواْ مَسَاجِدَ الله شَاهِدِينَ عَلَى أَنفُسِهِمْ بِالْكُفْرِ
أُوْلَئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ وَفِي النَّارِ هُمْ خَالِدُونَ
100vs7
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Lalle ne shi mai shaida ne a kan laifinsa dl haka.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
(By the snorting coursesﾅ) [100:1-11]. Muqatil said: ﾓThe Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, sent a military expedition to a clan of Banu Kinanah and appointed al-Mundhir ibn Amr al-Ansari as its leader. When their news was late to come, the hypocrites said: They have all been killedﾒ, and so Allah, exalted is He, gave news about this expedition and revealed (By the snorting courses) meaning the horses of that expeditionﾔ. Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad al-Farisi informed us> Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Basti> Muhammad ibn Makki> Ishaq ibn Ibrahim> Ahmad ibn Abdah> Hafs ibn Jami> Simak> Ikrimah> Ibn Abbas who related that the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, sent a cavalry in a mission but did not receive any news from them a month after they had left. And so it was revealed (By the snorting courses) i.e. the horses snorting with their nostrils.
Concerning Allah's statement,
وَإِنَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَشَهِيدٌ ﴿٧﴾
And to that He bears witness.
Qatadah and Sufyan Ath-Thawri both said,
"And indeed Allah is a witness to that.''
It is also possible that the pronoun (He) could be referring to man. This was said by Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi. Thus, its meaning would be that man is a witness himself to the fact that he is ungrateful.
This is obvious in his condition, meaning this is apparent from his statements and deeds.
This is as Allah says,
مَا كَانَ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُواْ مَسَاجِدَ الله شَـهِدِينَ عَلَى أَنفُسِهِم بِالْكُفْرِ
It is not for the idolators, to maintain the Masajid (Mosques) of Allah, while they witness disbelief against themselves. (9:17)
قال قتادة وسفيان الثوري وإن الله على ذلك لشهيد ويحتمل أن يعود الضمير على الإنسان قاله محمد بن كعب القرظي فيكون تقديره وإن الإنسان على كونه كنودا لشهيد أي بلسان حاله أي ظاهر ذلك عليه في أقواله وأفعاله كما قال تعالى " ما كان للمشركين أن يعمروا مساجد الله شاهدين على أنفسهم بالكفر " .
" وإنه على ذلك " أي كنوده " لشهيد " يشهد على نفسه بصنعه
أي وإن الله عز وجل ثناؤه على ذلك من ابن آدم لشهيد . كذا روى منصور عن مجاهد ; وهو قول أكثر المفسرين , وهو قول ابن عباس . وقال الحسن وقتادة ومحمد بن كعب : " وإنه " أي وإن الإنسان لشاهد على نفسه بما يصنع ; وروي عن مجاهد أيضا .
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«وَإِنَّهُ» إن واسمها «عَلى ذلِكَ» متعلقان بما بعدهما «لَشَهِيدٌ» اللام المزحلقة «شهيد» خبر إن والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها.