Shu`ayb and His Preaching to the Dwellers of Al-Aykah

Allah says:

كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﴿١٧٦﴾

إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ ﴿١٧٧﴾

إِنِّي لَكُمْ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٌ ﴿١٧٨﴾

فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ ﴿١٧٩﴾

وَمَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ إِنْ أَجْرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿١٨٠﴾

The companions of Al-Aykah denied the Messengers. When Shu`ayb said to them: "Will you not have Taqwa! I am a trustworthy Messenger to you. So, have Taqwa of Allah, and obey me. No reward do I ask of you for it; my reward is only from the Lord of Al-`Alamin.''

The companions of Al-Aykah were the people of Madyan, according to the most correct view.

The Prophet of Allah Shu`ayb was one of them, but it does not say here, their brother Shu`ayb, because they called themselves by a name denoting their deification of Al-Aykah, which was a tree which they used to worship; it was said that it was a group of trees which were tangled, like trees in a thicket. For this reason, when Allah said that the companions of Al-Aykah denied the Messengers, He did not say, "When their brother Shu`ayb said to them.'' Rather, He said:

إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ شُعَيْبٌ ...

When Shu`ayb said to them,

He is not described as belonging to them because of the meaning that was inherent in the name given to them even though he was their brother by blood.

Some people did not notice this point, so they thought that the dwellers of Al-Aykah were different from the people of Madyan, and claimed that Shu`ayb was sent to two nations; some said that he was sent to three.

أَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ (The companions of Al-Aykah) were the people of Shu`ayb.

This was the view of Ishaq bin Bishr.

Someone besides Juwaybir said,

"The dwellers of Al-Aykah and the people of Madyan are one and the same.''

And Allah knows best.

Although there is another opinion that they were different nations with two identities, the correct view is that they were one nation, but they are described differently in different places.

Shu`ayb preached to them and commanded them to be fair in their weights and measures, the same as is mentioned in the story of Madyan, which also indicates that they were the same nation.