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وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ
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تَنَزَّلُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ
Tanazzalu AAala kulli affakin atheemin
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Sukan sauka a kan dukkan maƙaryaci, mai zunubi.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
Refutation of the Fabrications of the Idolators
Here Allah addresses those idolators who claimed that what was brought by the Messenger was not the truth but was merely something that he had made up by himself, or that it came to him in visions from the Jinn.
Allah stated that His Messenger was above their claims and fabrications, and that what he had brought did indeed come from Allah, and that it was a revelation and inspiration, brought down by a noble, trustworthy and mighty angel. It did not come from the Shayatin, because they have no desire for anything like this Noble Qur'an -- they descend upon those who are like them, the lying fortune-tellers.
Allah says:
هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ ...
Shall I inform you,
meaning, shall I tell you,
... عَلَى مَن تَنَزَّلُ الشَّيَاطِينُ ﴿٢٢١﴾
تَنَزَّلُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ ﴿٢٢٢﴾
upon whom the Shayatin descend.
They descend on every lying, sinful person (Athim).
meaning, one whose speech is lies and fabrication.
أَثِيمٍ (Athim)
means, whose deeds are immoral.
This is the person upon whom the Shayatin descend, fortune-tellers and other sinful liars.
The Shayatin are also sinful liars.
" على من تنزل الشياطين تنزل على كل أفاك أثيم " أي كذوب في قوله وهو الأفاك " أثيم " وهو الفاجر في أفعاله فهذا هو الذي تنزل عليه الشياطين من الكهان وما جرى مجراهم من الكذبة الفسقة فإن الشياطين أيضا كذبة فسقة .
"تنزل على كل أفاك" كذاب "أثيم" فاجر مثل مسيلمة وغيره من الكهنة
إنما قال : " تنزل " لأنها أكثر ما تكون في الهواء , وأنها تمر في الريح .
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«تَنَزَّلُ» مضارع فاعله مستتر «عَلى كُلِّ» متعلقان بتنزل «أَفَّاكٍ» مضاف إليه وهو الكذاب «أَثِيمٍ» صفة والجملة بدل من تنزل السابقة