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Fahazamoohum biithni Allahi waqatala dawoodu jaloota waatahu Allahu almulka waalhikmata waAAallamahu mimma yashao walawla dafAAu Allahi alnnasa baAAdahum bibaAAdin lafasadati alardu walakinna Allaha thoo fadlin AAala alAAalameena
Sai suka karya su da iznin Allah. Kuma Dãwudu ya kashe Jãlũta, kuma Allah Ya bã shi mulki da hikima kuma Ya sanar da shi daga abin da Yake so. Kuma bã dõmin tunkuɗħwar Allah ga mutãne sãshensu da sãshe ba lalle ne dã ƙasa tã ɓãci kuma amma Allah Ma´abũcin falala ne a kan tãlikai.
Allah said:
فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذْنِ اللّهِ ...
So they routed them by Allah's leave, meaning, they defeated and overwhelmed them by Allah's aid and support.
Then,
... وَقَتَلَ دَاوُدُ جَالُوتَ ...
and Dawud killed Jalut.
Israelite accounts claimed that (Prophet) David killed Goliath with a slingshot that he had, which he launched at Goliath causing his death. Talut promised that whoever killed Jalut, would marry his daughter and would share his kingship and authority. He kept his promise. Later, the kingship was transferred to Prophet Dawud in addition to being granted Prophethood by Allah.
So, Allah said:
... وَآتَاهُ اللّهُ الْمُلْكَ ...
...and Allah gave him (Dawud) the kingdom, that Talut had and,
... وَالْحِكْمَةَ ...
and Al-Hikmah, that comes with the Prophethood, meaning, after Shamwil.
Allah then said,
... وَعَلَّمَهُ مِمَّا يَشَاء ...
and taught him of that which He willed. Meaning, what He willed of the knowledge that He bestowed on (Prophet) Dawud.
Next, Allah said:
... وَلَوْلاَ دَفْعُ اللّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَّفَسَدَتِ الأَرْضُ ...
And if Allah did not check one set of people by means of another, the earth would indeed be full of mischief.
This Ayah indicates that if it were not for the fact that Allah checks one set of people with another, such as when Talut and the bravery of Dawud helped the Children of Israel (against Goliath), then people would have perished.
Similarly, Allah said:
وَلَوْلاَ دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَّهُدِّمَتْ صَوَمِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَتٌ وَمَسَـجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيراً
For had it not been that Allah checks one set of people by means of another, monasteries, churches, synagogues, and Masjids, wherein the Name of Allah is mentioned much, would surely, have been pulled down. (22:40)
Allah then said:
... وَلَـكِنَّ اللّهَ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿٢٥١﴾
But Allah is full of bounty to the Alamin (mankind, Jinn and all that exists), meaning, by His mercy and favor He fixes some of them by some others. Surely, Allah has the wisdom, the supreme authority and the clear proof against His creation in all of His actions and statements.
«فَهَزَمُوهُمْ» الفاء عاطفة هزموهم فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به.
«بِإِذْنِ» متعلقان بالفعل قبلهما.
«اللَّهِ» لفظ الجلالة مضاف إليه والجملة معطوفة على جملة محذوفة التقدير ، تقاتل الجيشان فهزموهم
«وَقَتَلَ داوُدُ جالُوتَ» فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به.
«وَآتاهُ» فعل ماض ومفعوله. «اللَّهِ» لفظ الجلالة فاعله.
«الْمُلْكَ» مفعول به.
«وَالْحِكْمَةَ» عطف على الملك والجملة معطوفة.
«وَعَلَّمَهُ» فعل ماض ومفعوله.
«مِمَّا» متعلقان بعلمه.
«يَشاءُ» مضارع والجملة صلة الموصول.
«وَلَوْ لا» الواو استئنافية لو لا حرف شرط غير جازم.
«دَفْعُ» مبتدأ.
«اللَّهِ» لفظ الجلالة مضاف إليه.
«النَّاسَ» مفعول به للمصدر.
«بَعْضَهُمْ» بعض بدل من الناس.
«بِبَعْضٍ» متعلقان بدفع.
«لَفَسَدَتِ» اللام واقعة في جواب لولا.
«فسدت الْأَرْضُ» فعل ماض وفاعل والجملة لا محل لها جواب لولا.
«وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ» لكن ولفظ الجلالة اسمها.
«ذُو» خبرها مرفوع بالواو لأنه من الأسماء الخمسة.
«فَضْلٍ» مضاف إليه.
«عَلَى الْعالَمِينَ» اسم مجرور بالياء لأنه ملحق بجمع المذكر السالم والجار والمجرور متعلقان بفضل وجملة
«وَلكِنَّ اللَّهَ» استئنافية.
