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3vs168

الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لإِخْوَانِهِمْ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا قُلْ فَادْرَؤُوا عَنْ أَنفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ

Allatheena qaloo liikhwanihim waqaAAadoo law ataAAoona ma qutiloo qul faidraoo AAan anfusikumu almawta in kuntum sadiqeena

Yoruba Translation

Hausa Translation

Waɗanda suka ce wa ´yan´uwansu kuma suka zauna abinsu: &quotDã sun yi mana ɗã´a, dã ba a kashe su ba.&quot Ka ce: &quotTo, ku tunkuɗe mutuwa daga rãyukanku, idan kun kasance mãsu gaskiya.&quot

English Translation

(They are) the ones that say, (of their brethren slain), while they themselves sit (at ease): "If only they had listened to us they would not have been slain." Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if ye speak the truth."
Those who said of their brethren whilst they (themselves) held back: Had they obeyed us, they would not have been killed. Say: Then avert death from yourselves if you speak the truth.
Those who, while they sat at home, said of their brethren (who were fighting for the cause of Allah): If they had been guided by us they would not have been slain. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Then avert death from yourselves if ye are truthful.

Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)

Tafseer (English)

الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لإِخْوَانِهِمْ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوْ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُوا ...

(They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.''

had they listened to our advice and not gone out, they would not have met their demise.

Allah said,

... قُلْ فَادْرَؤُوا عَنْ أَنفُسِكُمُ الْمَوْتَ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ ﴿١٦٨﴾

Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.''

meaning, if staying at home saves one from being killed or from death, then you should not die. However death will come to you even if you were hiding in fortified castles. Therefore, fend death off of yourselves, if you are right.

Mujahid said that Jabir bin Abdullah said,

"This Ayah (3:168) was revealed about Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul (the chief hypocrite).''

Tafseer (Arabic)

قال تعالى " الذين قالوا لإخوانهم وقعدوا لو أطاعونا ما قتلوا " أي لو سمعوا من مشورتنا عليهم في القعود وعدم الخروج ما قتلوا مع من قتل قال الله تعالى " قل فادرءوا عن أنفسكم الموت إن كنتم صادقين " أي إن كان القعود يسلم به الشخص من القتل والموت فينبغي أنكم لا تموتون والموت لا بد آت إليكم ولو كنتم في بروج مشيدة فادفعوا عن أنفسكم الموت إن كنتم صادقين . قال مجاهد عن جابر بن عبد الله : نزلت هذه الآية في عبد الله بن أبي ابن سلول وأصحابه .

"الذين" بدل من الذين قبله أو نعت "قالوا لإخوانهم" في الدين "و" قد "قعدوا" عن الجهاد "لو أطاعونا" أي شهداء أحد أو إخواننا في القعود قل" لهم "فادرءوا" ادفعوا "عن أنفسكم الموت إن كنتم صادقين" في أن القعود ينجي منه

معناه لأجل إخوانهم , وهم الشهداء المقتولون من الخزرج ; وهم إخوة نسب ومجاورة , لا إخوة الدين . أي قالوا لهؤلاء الشهداء : لو قعدوا , أي بالمدينة ما قتلوا . وقيل : قال عبد الله بن أبي وأصحابه لإخوانهم , أي لأشكالهم من المنافقين : لو أطاعونا , هؤلاء الذين قتلوا , لما قتلوا .

I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an

«الَّذِينَ» اسم موصول في محل رفع خبر لمبتدأ محذوف تقديره هم أو بدلا من الواو في يكتمون والجملة الاسمية.
«هم الذين» مستأنفة وجملة «قالُوا لِإِخْوانِهِمْ» صلة الموصول.
«وَقَعَدُوا» عطف على قالوا وقيل الواو للحال.
«لَوْ أَطاعُونا» لو شرطية فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به ولو شرطية غير جازمة والجملة مفعول به.
«ما قُتِلُوا» فعل ماض مبني للمجهول ونائب فاعل ما نافية والجملة جواب شرط غير جازم وجملة «قُلْ» مستأنفة.
«فَادْرَؤُا» الفاء الفصيحة ، وفعل أمر متعلق به الجار والمجرور.
«عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمُ» والواو فاعله.
«الْمَوْتَ» مفعوله والجملة جواب شرط غير جازم مقدر : إن صدقتم فادرؤوا.
«إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ» كنتم كان واسمها وهي في محل جزم فعل الشرط صادقين خبرها وجواب الشرط محذوف دل عليه ما قبله.