11vs8
وَلَئِنْ أَخَّرْنَا عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابَ إِلَى
أُمَّةٍ مَّعْدُودَةٍ لَّيَقُولُنَّ مَا يَحْبِسُهُ أَلاَ يَوْمَ يَأْتِيهِمْ لَيْسَ
مَصْرُوفاً عَنْهُمْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
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فَلَمَّا جَاءتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَرِحُوا بِمَا عِندَهُم مِّنَ الْعِلْمِ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُون
Falamma jaathum rusuluhum bialbayyinati farihoo bima AAindahum mina alAAilmi wahaqa bihim ma kanoo bihi yastahzioona
Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
A lõkacin da Manzanninsu suka jħ musu da hujjõji bayyanannu, suka yi farin ciki da abin da ke wurinsu na ilmi(1) kuma abin da suka kasance sunã yi na izgili da shi ya wajaba a kansu.
For when their messengers came to them with Clear Signs, they exulted in such knowledge (and skill) as they had; but that very (Wrath) at which they were wont to scoff hemmed them in.
Then when their messengers came to them with clear arguments, they exulted in what they had with them of knowledge, and there beset them that which they used to mock.
And when their messengers brought them clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty) they exulted in the knowledge they (themselves) possessed. And that which they were wont to mock befell them.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
The Lesson to be learned from what happened to Those Who Came before
Allah informs that,
أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ قُوَّةً وَآثَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَا أَغْنَى عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ ﴿٨٢﴾
فَلَمَّا جَاءتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَرِحُوا بِمَا عِندَهُم مِّنَ الْعِلْمِ ...
Have they not traveled through the earth and seen what was the end of those before them? They were more in number than them and mightier in strength, and in the traces in the land; yet all that they used to earn availed them not.
Then when their Messengers came to them with clear proofs, they were glad (and proud) with that which they had of the knowledge (of worldly things).
Allah tells us about the nations who rejected their Messengers in ancient times. He mentioned the severe punishment they suffered despite their great strength, He mentioned the traces which they left behind in the earth and the great wealth they amassed. None of that availed them anything and could not prevent the punishment of Allah at all.
That is because when the Messengers came to them with clear signs and decisive evidence, they did not pay any attention to them. Instead, they were content with the knowledge with them, or so they claimed, and they said that they did not need what the Messengers brought them.
Mujahid said,
"They said, we know better than them, we will not be resurrected and we will not be punished.''
As-Suddi said,
"In their ignorance, they rejoiced in what they had of (worldly) knowledge. So Allah sent upon them a punishment which they could not escape or resist.''
... وَحَاقَ بِهِم ...
and surrounded them.
means, encompassed them.
... مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِؤُون ﴿٨٣﴾
that at which they used to mock,
means, that which they used to disbelieve in and said would never happen,
وذلك لأنهم لما جاءتهم الرسل بالبينات والحجج القاطعات والبراهين الدامغات لم يلتفتوا إليهم ولا أقبلوا عليهم واستغنوا بما عندهم من العلم في زعمهم عما جاءتهم به الرسل قال مجاهد قالوا نحن أعلم منهم لن نبعث ولن نعذب وقال السدي فرحوا بما عندهم من العلم بجهالتهم فأتاهم من بأس الله تعالى ما لا قبل لهم به " وحاق بهم " أي أحاط بهم " ما كانوا به يستهزئون " أي يكذبون ويستبعدون وقوعه .
"فلما جاءتهم رسلهم بالبينات" المعجزات الظاهرات "فرحوا" أي الكفار فرح استهزاء وضحك "بما عندهم" أي الرسل "من العلم" منكرين له "وحاق" نزل "بهم ما كانوا به يستهزئون" أي العذاب
أي بالآيات الواضحات .
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«فَلَمَّا» الفاء حرف استئناف ولما ظرفية شرطية غير جازمة «جاءَتْهُمْ» ماض وفاعله ومفعوله والجملة في محل جر بالإضافة «رُسُلُهُمْ» فاعل «بِالْبَيِّناتِ» متعلقان بالفعل «فَرِحُوا» ماض وفاعله «بِما» متعلقان بفرحوا «عِنْدَهُمْ» ظرف مكان «مِنَ الْعِلْمِ» متعلقان بحال محذوفة وجملة فرحوا جواب شرط غير جازم لا محل لها «وَحاقَ» الواو حرف عطف وماض «بِهِمْ» متعلقان بالفعل «ما» اسم موصول فاعل حاق «كانُوا» كان واسمها والجملة صلة «بِهِ» متعلقان بيستهزئون «يَسْتَهْزِؤُنَ» مضارع مرفوع والواو فاعله والجملة خبر كانوا