4vs143
مُّذَبْذَبِينَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ لاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاء وَلاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاء
وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلاً
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أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا قَوْماً غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مَّا هُم مِّنكُمْ وَلَا مِنْهُمْ وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ
Alam tara ila allatheena tawallaw qawman ghadiba Allahu AAalayhim ma hum minkum wala minhum wayahlifoona AAala alkathibi wahum yaAAlamoona
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Ashe, baka ga waɗanda(2) suka jiɓinci waɗansu mutãne da Allah Ya yi hushi a kansu ba, bã su cikinku, kuma bã su a cikinsu kuma sunã rantsuwa a kan ƙarya, alhãli kuwa sunã sane?
Turnest thou not thy attention to those who turn (in friendship) to such as have the Wrath of Allah upon them? They are neither of you nor of them, and they swear to falsehood knowingly.
Have you not seen those who befriend a people with whom Allah is wroth? They are neither of you nor of them, and they swear falsely while they know.
Hast thou not seen those who take for friends a folk with whom Allah is wroth? They are neither of you nor of them, and they swear a false oath knowingly.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
(Hast thou not seen those who take for friends a folk with whom Allah is wroth?ﾅ and they will fancy that they have some standing. Lo! is it not they who are the liars?) [58:14-18]. Al-Suddi and Muqatil said: ﾓThis was revealed about Abd Allah ibn Nabtal, the hypocrite who used to keep the company of the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, and then report what he heard from him to the Jews. As the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, was sitting one day in one of his rooms he said: Now shall enter on you a man who has the heart of a tyrant and who looks through the eyes of the devilﾒ.
At that point Abd Allah ibn Nabtal who was blue of complexion came in. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to him: Why do you, and your friends, insult me?ﾒ He swore by Allah that he did not, but the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said that he did. The man went and brought his friends who then swore by Allah that they did not insult him. Allah, exalted is He, then revealed these versesﾔ.
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya informed us> Muhammad ibn Jafar ibn Matar> Jafar ibn Muhammad al-Firyabi> Abu Jafar al-Nufayli> Zuhayr ibn Muawiyah> Simak ibn Harb> Said ibn Jubayr> Ibn Abbas who related to him that the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, was sitting under the shade of one of his rooms with a group of Muslims from whom the shade was slowly receding.
He said to them: ﾓA man will come to you and look at you with the eyes of the devil. When he comes do not speak with him!ﾔ A man of blue complexion then came. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, called him and addressed him: ﾓWhy do you and so-and-so and so-and-so (he named a group of people) insult me?ﾔ The man left and brought all those named and they swore by Allah and apologized. Allah, exalted is He, revealed (On the day when Allah will raise them all together, then will they swear unto Him as they (now) swear unto you, and they will fancy that they have some standing. Lo! Is it not they who are the liars?). This was narrated by al-Hakim in his Sahih> al-Asamm> Ibn Affan> Amr al- Anqari> Israﾒil> Simak.
Chastising the Hypocrites
Allah chastises the hypocrites for secretly aiding and supporting the disbelievers even though, in reality, they were neither with the disbelievers nor with the Muslims. Allah the Exalted said in another Ayah,
مُّذَبْذَبِينَ بَيْنَ ذلِكَ لاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاءِ وَلاَ إِلَى هَـؤُلاءِ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلاً
(They are) swaying between this and that, belonging neither to these nor to those; and he whom Allah sends astray, you will not find for him a way. (4:143)
Allah said here,
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم ...
Have you not seen those who take as friends a people upon whom is the wrath of Allah?
referring to the Jews with whom the hypocrites were allies in secret.
Allah said,
... مَّا هُم مِّنكُمْ وَلَا مِنْهُمْ ...
They are neither of you nor of them,
meaning, that these hypocrites are neither with the believers, nor with their allies the Jews,
... وَيَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿١٤﴾
and they swear to a lie while they know.
meaning, the hypocrites lie when they vow, knowing that they are lying, which is called the vow of Al-Ghamus. We seek refuge with Allah from their ways.
When the hypocrites met the believers they said that they believed and when they went to the Messenger, they swore to him by Allah that they were believers. They knew that they were lying in their vow, and they knew that they did not declare their true creed. This is why Allah witnessed here that they lie in their vows and know that they are lying, even though their statement (about the Prophet being Allah's Prophet) is true in essence.
يقول الله تعالى منكرا على المنافقين في موالاتهم الكفار في الباطن وهم في نفس الأمر لا معهم ولا مع المؤمنين كما قال تعالى " مذبذبين بين ذلك لا إلى هؤلاء ولا إلى هؤلاء ومن يضلل الله فلن تجد له سبيلا " وقال ههنا " ألم تر إلى الذين تولوا قوما غضب الله عليهم " يعني اليهود الذين كان المنافقون يمالئونهم ويوالونهم في الباطن ثم قال تعالى " ما هم منكم ولا منهم" أي هؤلاء المنافقون ليسوا في الحقيقة منكم أيها المؤمنون ولا من الذين يوالونهم وهم اليهود ثم قال تعالى " ويحلفون على الكذب وهم يعلمون " يعني المنافقين يحلفون على الكذب وهم عالمون بأنهم كاذبون فيما حلفوا وهي اليمين الغموس ولا سيما في مثل حالهم اللعين عياذا بالله منه فإنهم كانوا إذا لقوا الذين آمنوا قالوا آمنا وإذا جاءوا الرسول حلفوا له بالله أنهم مؤمنون وهم في ذلك يعلمون أنهم يكذبون فيما حلفوا به لأنهم لا يعتقدون صدق ما قالوه وإن كان في نفس الأمر مطابقا ولهذا شهد الله بكذبهم في أيمانهم وشهادتهم لذلك .
"ألم تر" تنظر "إلى الذين تولوا" هم المنافقون "قوما" هم اليهود "غضب الله عليهم ما هم" أي المنافقون "منكم" من المؤمنين "ولا منهم" من اليهود بل هم مذبذبون "ويحلفون على الكذب" أي قولهم إنهم مؤمنون "وهم يعلمون" أنهم كاذبون فيه
قال قتادة : هم المنافقون تولوا اليهود
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«أَلَمْ تَرَ» سبق إعرابها «إِلَى الَّذِينَ» متعلقان بالفعل «تَوَلَّوْا» ماض وفاعله والجملة صلة «قَوْماً» مفعول به وجملة ألم تر استئنافية لا محل لها «غَضِبَ اللَّهُ» ماض وفاعله «عَلَيْهِمْ» متعلقان بالفعل والجملة
صفة قوما «ما» نافية لا عمل لها «هُمْ» مبتدأ «مِنْكُمْ» خبر المبتدأ والجملة استئنافية لا محل لها «وَلا» الواو حرف عطف «لا» نافية «مِنْهُمْ» معطوف على منكم «وَيَحْلِفُونَ» مضارع وفاعله والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها «عَلَى الْكَذِبِ» متعلقان بالفعل «وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ» الواو حالية ومبتدأ ويعلمون مضارع وفاعله والجملة الفعلية خبر هم والجملة الاسمية حال.