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5vs43

وَكَيْفَ يُحَكِّمُونَكَ وَعِندَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةُ فِيهَا حُكْمُ اللّهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ مِن بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَمَا أُوْلَـئِكَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ

Wakayfa yuhakkimoonaka waAAindahumu alttawratu feeha hukmu Allahi thumma yatawallawna min baAAdi thalika wama olaika bialmumineena

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Yoruba Translation

Hausa Translation

Kuma yãya suke gabãtar da kai ga hukunci, alhãli a wurinsu akwai Attaura, a cikinta akwai hukuncin Allah, sa´an nan kuma sunã karkacewa a bãyan wannan? waɗannan bã muminai ba ne!

But why do they come to thee for decision, when they have (their own) law before them?- therein is the (plain) command of Allah; yet even after that, they would turn away. For they are not (really) People of Faith.
And how do they make you a judge and they have the Taurat wherein is Allah's judgment? Yet they turn back after that, and these are not the believers.
How come they unto thee for judgment when they have the Torah, wherein Allah hath delivered judgment (for them)? Yet even after that they turn away. Such (folk) are not believers.

Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)

(O Messenger! Let not them grieve thee who vie one with another in the race to disbeliefナ) [5:41-47]. Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Hiri informed us by dictation> Abu Muhammad, the chamberlain of Ibn Ahmad al-Tusi> Muhammad ibn Hammad al-Abiwardi> Abu Muawiyah> al-Amash> Abd Allah ibn Murrah> al-Bara ibn Azib who said: モOne day, the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, passed by a Jewish man who had just been flogged and had his face darkened with coal.
He summoned the Jews and asked them: Is this what your Scripture decrees as punishment for the adulterer? Yes! they replied. He then summoned one of their doctors and asked him: I implore you by Allah who has sent the Torah to Moses, is this what your Scripture decrees as punishment for the adulterer. He said: No! And if you had not implored me by Allah, I would not tell you. Our Scripture rules that the punishment of the adulterer is stoning. But it became widespread among our notables. Initially, when one of the notables committed adultery, we left him unpunished while we applied stoning on the communality in cases of adultery.
Then we decided to look for a punishment that was applied on both the notables and communality of people. And so we agreed on darkening the face with coal and flogging to replace stoning. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said: O Allah! I am the first to reapply your command after they had suspended it.
And he ordered that the Jewish man be stoned. Allah, exalted is He, then revealed (O Messenger! Let not them grieve thee who vie one with another in the race to disbelief) up to His words (If this be given unto you, receive itナ), they said: Go to Muhammad; if he directs you to flog the adulterer and darken his face with coal and apply flogging, then follow him. But do not follow him if he directs you to
apply stoning on him. Up to His words (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are
disbelievers) [5:44]. He said: This relates to the Jews. Up to His words (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are wrong-doers) [5:45]. He said: This relates to the Christians. Up to His words (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are evil-livers) [5:47]. He said: This relates to all disbelievers.
Narrated by Muslim from Yahya ibn Yahya from Abu Muawiyahヤ. Abu Abd Allah ibn Abi Ishaq informed us> Abul-Haytham Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ghawth al-Kindi> Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Sulayman al-Hadrami> Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah> Abu Muawiyah> al-Amash> Abd Allah ibn Murrah> al-Bara ibn Azib who related that the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, stoned a Jewish man and a Jewish woman and said afterwards: モ(Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers) [5:44], (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are wrong-doers) [5:45], (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are evil-livers) [5:47]. All these three verses were revealed about the disbelieversヤ. This was narrated by Muslim from Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah.

Chastising the Jews for Their Evil Lusts and Desires, While Praising the Tawrah

Allah then chastises the Jews for their false ideas and deviant desires to abandon what they believe is true in their Book, and which they claim is their eternal Law that they are always commanded to adhere to. Yet, they do not adhere to the Tawrah, but they prefer other laws over it, although they believe that these other laws are not correct and do not apply to them.

Allah said,

وَكَيْفَ يُحَكِّمُونَكَ وَعِندَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةُ فِيهَا حُكْمُ اللّهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ مِن بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَمَا أُوْلَـئِكَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿٤٣﴾

But how do they come to you for decision while they have the Tawrah, in which is the decision of Allah; yet even after that they turn away. For they are not believers.

Allah next praises the Tawrah that He sent down to His servant and Messenger Musa, son of Imran,

ثم قال تعالى منكرا عليهم في آرائهم الفاسدة ومقاصدهم الزائغة في تركهم ما يعتقدون صحته من الكتاب الذي بأيديهم الذي يزعمون أنهم مأمورون بالتمسك به أبدا ثم خرجوا عن حكمه وعدلوا إلى غيره مما يعتقدون في نفس الأمر بطلانه وعدم لزومه لهم فقال وكيف يحكمونك وعندهم التوراة فيها حكم الله ثم يتولون من بعد ذلك وما أولئك بالمؤمنين .

"وكيف يحكمونك وعندهم التوراة فيها حكم الله" بالرجم وهو استفهام تعجيب أي لم يقصدوا بذلك معرفة الحق بل ما هو أهون عليهم "ثم يتولون" يعرضون عن حكمك بالرجم الموافق لكتابهم "من بعد ذلك" التحكيم

قال الحسن : هو الرجم , وقال قتادة : هو القود , ويقال : هل يدل قوله تعالى : فيها حكم الله " على أنه لم ينسخ ؟ الجواب : وقال أبو علي : نعم ; لأنه لو نسخ لم يطلق عليه بعد النسخ أنه حكم الله , كما لا يطلق أن حكم الله تحليل الخمر أو تحريم السبت

I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an

«وَكَيْفَ» اسم استفهام في محل نصب حال والواو استئنافية.
«يُحَكِّمُونَكَ» فعل مضارع والواو فاعله والكاف مفعوله والجملة مستأنفة.
«وَعِنْدَهُمُ التَّوْراةُ» التوراة مبتدأ وخبره محذوف تعلق به الظرف عندهم.
«فِيها حُكْمُ اللَّهِ» حكم مبتدأ والجار والمجرور فيها متعلقان بمحذوف خبره واللّه لفظ الجلالة مضاف إليه.
«ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ مِنْ بَعْدِ» فعل مضارع مرفوع بثبوت النون والواو فاعله والجار والمجرور متعلقان بالفعل والجملة معطوفة.
«ذلِكَ» اسم إشارة مبني على السكون في محل جر بالإضافة.
«وَما أُولئِكَ» ما حجازية تعمل عمل ليس واسم الإشارة في محل رفع اسمها.
«بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ» خبرها المنصوب محلا المجرور لفظا بالباء الزائدة قبله والجملة مستأنفة.

24vs47

وَيَقُولُونَ آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَبِالرَّسُولِ وَأَطَعْنَا ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّى فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُم مِّن بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَمَا أُوْلَئِكَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ