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مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ الْعِزَّةَ فَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ جَمِيعاً
إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعُهُ وَالَّذِينَ
يَمْكُرُونَ السَّيِّئَاتِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَكْرُ أُوْلَئِكَ هُوَ يَبُورُ
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يَقُولُونَ لَئِن رَّجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ وَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Yaqooloona lain rajaAAna ila almadeenati layukhrijanna alaAAazzu minha alathalla walillahi alAAizzatu walirasoolihi walilmumineena walakinna almunafiqeena la yaAAlamoona
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Sunã cħwa "Lalle ne idan mun kõma(1) zuwa Madĩnar, haƙĩƙa mafi rinjaya zai fitar da mafi ƙasƙanta daga gare ta, alhãli kuwa rinjãyar ga Allah take kuma da ManzonSa, kuma da mũminai, kuma amma munãfikai ba su sani ba."
They say, "If we return to Medina, surely the more honourable (element) will expel therefrom the meaner." But honour belongs to Allah and His Messenger, and to the Believers; but the Hypocrites know not.
They say: If we return to Medina, the mighty will surely drive out the meaner therefrom; and to Allah belongs the might and to His Messenger and to the believers, but the hypocrites do not know.
They say: Surely, if we return to Al-Madinah the mightier will soon drive out the weaker; when might belongeth to Allah and to His messenger and to the believers; but the hypocrites know not.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
يَقُولُونَ لَئِن رَّجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ وَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿٨﴾
They say: "If we return to Al-Madinah, indeed the more honorable will expel therefrom the weaker.''
But Al-`Izzah belongs to Allah, and to His Messenger, and to the believers, but the hypocrites know not.
In his book, As-Sirah, Muhammad bin Ishaq said,
"After the battle of Uhud ended, the Prophet returned to Al-Madinah. Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul -- as Ibn Shihab narrated to me -- would stand up every Friday, without objection from anyone because he was a chief of his people, when the Prophet would sit on the Minbar, just before he delivered the Jumu`ah Khutbah to the people. Abdullah bin Ubay would say,
`O people! This is the Messenger of Allah with you. Allah has honored us by sending him and gave you might through him. Support him, honor him and listen to and obey him.'
He would then sit down. So after the battle of Uhud, even after he did what he did, that is, returning to Al-Madinah with a third of the army, he stood up to say the same words. But the Muslims held on to his clothes and said to him,
`Sit down, O enemy of Allah! You are not worthy to stand after you did what you did.'
Abdullah went out of the Masjid crossing people's lines and saying,
`By Allah, it is as if I said something awful when I wanted to support him.'
Some men from Al-Ansar met him at the gate of the Masjid and asked him what happened. He said,
`I just stood up to support him and some men, his Companions, jumped at me, pulled me back and admonished me, as if what I said was an awful thing; I merely wanted to support him.'
They said to him, `Woe to you! Go back so that Allah's Messenger asks Allah to forgive you.'
He said, `By Allah, I do not wish that he ask Allah to forgive me.'''
Qatadah and As-Suddi said, "This Ayah was revealed about Abdullah bin Ubay.
A young relative of his went to Allah's Messenger and conveyed to him an awful statement that Abdullah said.
The Messenger called Abdullah, who swore by Allah that he did not say anything.
The Ansar went to that boy and admonished him. However, Allah sent down what you hear about Abdullah's case and Allah's enemy was told,
`Go to Allah's Messenger,' but he turned his head away, saying that he will not do it.''
Muhammad bin Ishaq said that Muhammad bin Yahya bin Hibban, Abdullah bin Abi Bakr and Asim bin Umar bin Qatadah narrated to him the story of Bani Al-Mustaliq.
They said that while the Messenger of Allah was in that area, Jahjah bin Sa`id Al-Ghifari, a hired hand for Umar, and Sinan bin Wabr fought over the water source.
Sinan called out, "O Ansar'',
while Al-Jahjah called, "O Muhajirin!''
Zayd bin Arqam and several Ansar men were sitting with Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul at that time. When Abdullah heard what happened, he said,
"They are bothering us in our land. By Allah, the parable of us and these foolish Quraysh men, is the parable that goes, `Feed your dog until it becomes strong, and it will eat you.' By Allah, when we go back to Al-Madinah, the most mighty will expel the weak from it.''
He then addressed his people who were sitting with him, saying to them,
"What have you done to yourselves You let them settle in your land and shared your wealth with them. By Allah, if you abandon them, they will have to move to another area other than yours.''
Zayd bin Arqam heard these words and conveyed them to Allah's Messenger. Zayd was a young boy then. Umar bin Al-Khattab was with the Messenger and he said,
"O Allah's Messenger! Order Abbad bin Bishr to cut off his head at his neck.''
The Prophet replied,
فَكَيْفَ إِذَا تَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ يَا عُمَرُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَهُ، لَا، وَلَكِنْ نَادِ يَا عُمَرُ الرَّحِيل
What if people started saying that Muhammad kills his companions, O Umar, No. However, order the people to start the journey (back to Al-Madinah).
When Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul was told that his statement reached Allah's Prophet, he went to him and denied saying it. He swore by Allah that he did not utter the statement that Zayd bin Arqam conveyed. Abdullah bin Ubay was a chief of his people and they said,
"O Allah's Messenger! May be the young boy merely guessed and did not hear what was said correctly.''
Allah's Messenger started the journey at an unusual hour of the day and was met by Usayd bin Al-Hudayr, who greeted him acknowledging his Prophethood. Usayd said,
"By Allah! You are about to begin the journey at an unusual time.''
The Prophet said,
أَمَا بَلَغَكَ مَا قَالَ صَاحِبُكَ ابْنُ أُبَيَ؟ زَعَمَ أَنَّهُ إِذَا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ سَيُخْرِجُ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَل
Did not the statement of your friend, Ibn Ubay reach you He claimed that when he returns to Al-Madinah, the mighty one will expel the weak one out of it.
Usayd said, "Indeed, you are the mighty one, O Allah's Messenger, and he is the disgraced one.''
Usayd said,
"Take it easy with him, O Allah's Messenger! By Allah, when Allah brought you to us, we were about to gather the pearls (of a crown) so that we appoint him king over us. He thinks that you have rid him of his kingship.''
The Messenger of Allah traveled with the people until the night fell, then the rest of the night until the beginning of the next day and then set camp with the people. He wanted to busy them from talking about what had happened. The minute people felt the ground under their feet, they went to sleep and Surah Al-Munafiqin was revealed.
Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Bayhaqi recorded that Jabir bin Abdullah said,
"We were in a battle with Allah's Messenger and a man from the Emigrants kicked an Ansari man. The Ansari man called out,
`O Ansar!' and the Emigrant called out, `O Emigrants!'
Allah's Messenger heard that and said,
مَا بَالُ دَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ؟ دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُنْتِنَة
What is this call of Jahiliyyah? Abandon it because it is offensive.
Abdullah bin Ubay heard that and said,
`Have they (the Emigrants) done so By Allah, if we return to Al-Madinah, surely, the more honorable will expel therefrom the meaner.'
The Ansar at that time, were more numerous that the Emigrants when the Messenger of Allah came to Al-Madinah, but later on the Emigrants increased in number. When this statement reached the Prophet, Umar got up and said,
`O Allah's Messenger! Let me chop off the head of this hypocrite!'
The Prophet said:
دَعْهُ، لَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَه
Leave him, lest the people say that Muhammad kills his companions.''
Imam Ahmad, Al-Bukhari and Muslim collected this Hadith.
Ikrimah and Ibn Zayd and others said that
when the Prophet and his Companions went back to Al-Madinah, Abdullah, the son of Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul, remained by the gate of Al-Madinah holding his sword. People passed by him as they returned to Al-Madinah, and then his father came. Abdullah, son of Abdullah, said to his father,
"Stay where you are,''
and his father asked what the matter was His son said,
"By Allah! You will enter through here until the Messenger of Allah allows you to do so, for he is the honorable one and you are the disgraced.''
When the Messenger of Allah came by, and he used to be in the last lines, Abdullah bin Ubay complained to him about his son and his son said,
"By Allah, O Allah's Messenger! He will not enter it until you say so.''
The Messenger gave his permission to Abdullah bin Ubay and his son said,
"Enter, now that the Messenger of Allah gave you his permission.''
In his Musnad, Abu Bakr Abdullah bin Az-Zubayr Al-Humaydi recorded from Abu Harun Al-Madani that
Abdullah, the son of `Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul, said to his father,
"You will never enter Al-Madinah unless and until you say, `Allah's Messenger is the honorable one and I am the disgraced.''
When the Prophet came, Abdullah, son of Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul said to him,
"O Allah's Messenger! I was told that you have decided to have my father executed. By He Who has sent you with Truth, I never looked straight to his face out of respect for him. But if you wish, I will bring you his head, because I would hate to see the killer of my father.''
فقال عبد الله بن أبي عدو الله لئن رجعنا إلى المدينة ليخرجن الأعز منها الأذل قال مالك بن الدخشن وكان من المنافقين ألم أقل لكم لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا ؟ فسمع بذلك عمر بن الخطاب فأقبل يمشي حتى أتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله ائذن لي في هذا الرجل الذي قد أفتن الناس أضرب عنقه يريد عمر عبد الله بن أبي فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لعمر : " أو قاتله أنت إن أمرتك بقتله ؟ " فقال عمر نعم والله لئن أمرتني بقتله لأضربن عنقه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اجلس" فأقبل أسيد بن حضير وهو أحد الأنصار ثم أحد بني عبد الأشهل حتى أتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله ائذن لي في هذا الرجل الذي قد أفتن الناس أضرب عنقه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " أوقاتله أنت إن أمرتك بقتله ؟ " قال نعم والله لئن أمرتني بقتله لأضربن بالسيف تحت قرط أذنيه فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " اجلس " ثم قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " آذنوا بالرحيل " فهجر بالناس فسار يومه وليلته والغد حتى متع النهار ثم نزل ثم هجر بالناس مثلها حتى صبح بالمدينة في ثلاث سارها من قفا المشلل فلما قدم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم المدينة أرسل إلى عمر فدعاه فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " أي عمر أكنت قاتله لو أمرتك بقتله ؟ " فقال عمر نعم فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " والله لو قتلته يومئذ لأرغمت أنوف رجال لو أمرتهم اليوم بقتله لقتلوه فيتحدث الناس أني قد وقعت على أصحابي فأقتلهم صبرا " وأنزل الله عز وجل " هم الذين يقولون لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا - إلى قوله تعالى - يقولون لئن رجعنا إلى المدينة " الآية وهذا سياق غريب وفيه أشياء نفيسة لا توجد إلا فيه وقال محمد بن إسحاق بن يسار حدثني عاصم بن عمر بن قتادة أن عبد الله بن عبد الله بن أبي لما بلغه ما كان من أمر أبيه أتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله إنه بلغني أنك تريد قتل عبد الله بن أبي فيما بلغك عنه فإن كنت فاعلا فمرني به فأنا أحمل إليك رأسه فوالله لقد علمت الخزرج ما كان لها من رجل أبر بوالده مني إني أخشى أن تأمر به غيري فيقتله فلا تدعني نفسي أنظر إلى قاتل عبد الله بن أبي يمسي في الناس فأقتله فأقتل مؤمنا بكافر فأدخل النار فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " بل نترفق به ونحسن صحبته ما بقي معنا " وذكر عكرمة وابن زيد وغيرهما أن الناس لما قفلوا راجعين إلى المدينة وقف عبد الله بن عبد الله هذا على باب المدينة واستل سيفه فجعل الناس يمرون عليه فلما جاء أبوه عبد الله بن أبي قال له ابنه وراءك فقال ما لك ويلك ؟ فقال والله لا تجوز من ههنا حتى يأذن لك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فإنه العزيز وأنت الذليل فلما جاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وكان إنما يسير ساقة فشكا إليه عبد الله بن أبي ابنه فقال ابنه عبد الله والله يا رسول الله لا يدخلها حتى تأذن له فأذن له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال أما إذ أذن لك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فجز الآن وقال أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير الحميدي في مسنده حدثنا سفيان بن عيينة حدثنا أبو هارون المدني قال : قال عبد الله بن عبد الله ابن أبي بن سلول لأبيه والله لا تدخل المدينة أبدا حتى تقول : رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الأعز وأنا الأذل قال وجاء إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال يا رسول الله إنه بلغني أنك تريد أن تقتل أبي فوالذي بعثك بالحق ما تأملت وجهه قط هيبة له لئن شئت أن آتيك برأسه لأتيتك فإني أكره أن أرى قاتل أبي .
"يقولون لئن رجعنا" أي من غزوة بني المصطلق "إلى المدينة ليخرجن الأعز " عنوا به أنفسهم "منها الأذل " عنوا به المؤمنين "ولله العزة " الغلبة "ولرسوله وللمؤمنين ولكن المنافقين لا يعلمون" ذلك
القائل ابن أبي كما تقدم . وقيل : إنه لما قال : " ليخرجن الأعز منها الأذل " ورجع إلى المدينة لم يلبث إلا أياما يسيرة حتى مات ; فاستغفر له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم , وألبسه قميصه ; فنزلت هذه الآية : " لن يغفر الله لهم " . وقد مضى بيانه هذا كله في سورة " التوبة " مستوفى . وروي أن عبد الله بن عبد الله بن أبي ابن سلول قال لأبيه : والذي لا إله إلا هو لا تدخل المدينة حتى تقول : إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم هو الأعز وأنا الأذل ; فقاله . توهموا أن العزة بكثرة الأموال والأتباع ; فبين الله أن العزة والمنعة والقوة لله .
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«يَقُولُونَ» مضارع مرفوع بثبوت النون والواو فاعله والجملة معطوفة على ما قبلها في المعنى «لَئِنْ» اللام موطئة للقسم المحذوف «إن» شرطية جازمة «رَجَعْنا» ماض في محل جزم فعل الشرط ونا فاعله والجملة ابتدائية لا محل لها «إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ» متعلقان بالفعل «لَيُخْرِجَنَّ» اللام واقعة في جواب القسم ومضارع مبني على الفتح لاتصاله بنون التوكيد الثقيلة «الْأَعَزُّ» فاعل «مِنْهَا» متعلقان بالفعل «الْأَذَلَّ» مفعول به والجملة جواب القسم لا محل لها. «وَ» الواو حالية «لِلَّهِ» خبر مقدم «الْعِزَّةُ» مبتدأ مؤخر والجملة حال «وَلِرَسُولِهِ» معطوف على للّه «وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ» معطوف على للّه. «وَلكِنَّ الْمُنافِقِينَ» لكن واسمها «لا» نافية «يَعْلَمُونَ» مضارع وفاعله والجملة الفعلية خبر لكن والجملة الاسمية معطوفة على ما قبلها.