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إِنَّمَا يَسْتَأْذِنُكَ الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَارْتَابَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ فَهُمْ فِي رَيْبِهِمْ يَتَرَدَّدُونَ
Innama yastathinuka allatheena la yuminoona biAllahi waalyawmi alakhiri wairtabat quloobuhum fahum fee raybihim yataraddadoona
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Abin sani kawai, waɗanda bã sa ĩmãni da Allah, da Rãnar Lãhira, kuma zukãtansu suka yi shakka, sũ ne ke nħman izininka, sa´an nan a cikin shakkarsu sunã ta yin kai kãwo.
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
(Had it been a near adventure and an easy journey they had followed theeﾅ) [9:42-47]. Allah then revealed about those hypocrites who stayed behind and did not take part in the Battle of Tabuk (Had it been a near adventure and an easy journey they had followed theeﾅ). He also revealed (Had they gone forth among you they had added to you naught save troubleﾅ). This is because when the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, set forth, he camped his troops at al-Wada ﾒs mountain trail while Abd Allah ibn Ubayy camped his troops at a clear trodden path below the mountain trail of al-Wada. His troops were no less than the troops which were with the Prophet.
When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, marched again, Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, the hypocrites and the doubters stayed behind. To consol His Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, Allah, exalted is He, revealed (Had they gone forth among you they had added to you naught save troubleﾅ).
إِنَّمَا يَسْتَأْذِنُكَ ...
and Allah is the All-Knower of those who have Taqwa.
Those who ask your leave,
to remain behind, without a valid excuse,
... الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ ...
those who believe not in Allah and the Last Day,
they do not hope for Allah's reward in the Hereafter for their good actions,
... وَارْتَابَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ ...
and whose hearts are in doubt,
about the validity of what you brought them,
... فَهُمْ فِي رَيْبِهِمْ يَتَرَدَّدُونَ ﴿٤٥﴾
so in their doubts they waver.
They waver in doubt, taking one step forward and one step back. They do not have a firm stance in anything, for they are unsure and destroyed, neither belonging to these nor to those.
Verily, those whom Allah misguides, will never find a way for themselves to guidance.
إنما يستأذنك " أي في القعود ممن لا عذر له " الذين لا يؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر " أي لا يرجون ثواب الله في الدار الآخرة على أعمالهم " وارتابت قلوبهم " أي شكت في صحة ما جئتهم به " فهم في ريبهم يترددون " أي يتحيرون يقدمون رجلا ويؤخرون أخرى وليست لهم قدم ثابتة في شيء فهم قوم حيارى هلكى لا إلى هؤلاء ولا إلى هؤلاء ومن يضلل الله فلن تجد له سبيلا .
"إنما يستأذنك" في التخلف "الذين لا يؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر وارتابت" شكت "قلوبهم" في الدين "فهم في ريبهم يترددون" يتحيرون
روى أبو داود عن ابن عباس قال : " لا يستأذنك الذين يؤمنون بالله " نسختها التي في [ النور ] " إنما المؤمنون الذين آمنوا بالله ورسوله - إلى قوله - غفور رحيم " [ النور : 62 ]
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«إِنَّما» كافة ومكفوفة.
مضارع مرفوع وعلامة رفعه الضمة ، والكاف مفعول به ولا نافية لا عمل لها.
«الَّذِينَ» فاعل.
«يُؤْمِنُونَ» مضارع وفاعله.
«بِاللَّهِ» متعلقان بالفعل والجملة صلة الموصول.
«وَالْيَوْمِ» عطف.
«الْآخِرِ» صفة.
والجملة مستأنفة.
«وَارْتابَتْ» فعل ماض والتاء للتأنيث.
«قُلُوبُهُمْ» فاعل والجملة معطوفة.
«فَهُمْ» ضمير منفصل في محل رفع مبتدأ.
«فِي رَيْبِهِمْ» متعلقان بالفعل بعدهما ، والجملة الفعلية في محل رفع خبر المبتدأ. وجملة «فهم يترددون» معطوفة.