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وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ الْقُرَى وَصَرَّفْنَا الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ

Walaqad ahlakna ma hawlakum mina alqura wasarrafna alayati laAAallahum yarjiAAoona

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Yoruba Translation

Hausa Translation

Kuma ne, lalle haƙĩƙa, Mun halakar da abin da yake kħwayenku na alƙaryu kuma Muka jujjũya ãyõyi, tsammãninsu zã su kõmo.

We destroyed aforetime populations round about you; and We have shown the Signs in various ways, that they may turn (to Us).
And certainly We destroyed the towns which are around you, and We repeat the communications that they might turn.
And verily We have destroyed townships round about you, and displayed (for them) Our revelation, that haply they might return.

Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)

Allah then says,

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ الْقُرَى ...

And indeed We have destroyed towns round about you,

This is addressed to the people of Makkah.

Allah destroyed the nations who disbelieved in the Messengers who lived around Makkah, such as

*

`Ad who were at Al-Ahqaf in Hadramawt near Yemen,
*

Thamud whose dwellings were between Makkah and Ash-Sham (Greater Syria),
*

Saba' who were in Yemen,
*

the people of Madyan who were on the route and passage to Ghazzah (Western Palestine), and
*

the people of Lut who dwelt by the lake (the Dead Sea) which they used to pass by (on the way to Jordan) as well.

Allah then says,

... وَصَرَّفْنَا الْآيَاتِ ...

and We have shown (them) the signs in various ways,

meaning, `We explained and clarified them.'

... لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ ﴿٢٧﴾

فَلَوْلَا نَصَرَهُمُ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ قُرْبَانًا آلِهَةً ...

so that perhaps they might return.

As for those whom they had taken for gods besides Allah, as the means of approach to Him, why then did they not aid them?

meaning, did they help them when they were in the greatest need for them?

... بَلْ ضَلُّوا عَنْهُمْ ...

but they vanished completely from them.

Rather, they completely left them alone when they needed them the most.

... وَذَلِكَ إِفْكُهُمْ ...

And that was their falsehood, (meaning, their lie).

... وَمَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ ﴿٢٨﴾

and what they were fabricating.

which means that they fabricated lies by taking them as gods, and they lost and failed in their worship of them and their reliance upon them -- and Allah knows best.

وقوله تعالى " ولقد أهلكنا ما حولكم من القرى " يعني أهل مكة قد أهلك الله الأمم المكذبة بالرسل مما حولها كعاد وكانوا بالأحقاف بحضرموت عند اليمن وثمود وكانت منازلهم بينهم وبين الشام وكذلك سبأ وهم أهل اليمن ومدين وكانت في طريقهم وممرهم إلى غزة وكذلك بحيرة قوم لوط كانوا يمرون بها أيضا وقوله عز وجل" وصرفنا الآيات " أي بيناها وأوضحناها " لعلهم يرجعون " .

"ولقد أهلكنا ما حولكم من القرى" أي من أهلها كثمود وعاد وقوم لوط "وصرفنا الآيات" كررنا الحجج البينات

يريد حجر ثمود وقرى لوط ونحوهما مما كان يجاور بلاد الحجاز , وكانت أخبارهم متواترة عندهم .

I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an

«وَلَقَدْ» انظر الآية السابقة.
«أَهْلَكْنا» ماض وفاعله.
«ما» مفعوله.
«حَوْلَكُمْ» ظرف مكان.
«مِنَ الْقُرى » متعلقان بمحذوف حال.
«وَصَرَّفْنَا» ماض وفاعله.
«الْآياتِ» مفعول به.
«لَعَلَّهُمْ» لعل واسمها.
«يَرْجِعُونَ» مضارع مرفوع والواو فاعله والجملة خبر لعل والجملة الاسمية تعليل.