9vs83
فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ اللّهُ إِلَى طَآئِفَةٍ
مِّنْهُمْ فَاسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخْرُجُواْ مَعِيَ أَبَداً وَلَن
تُقَاتِلُواْ مَعِيَ عَدُوّاً إِنَّكُمْ رَضِيتُم بِالْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَاقْعُدُواْ
مَعَ الْخَالِفِينَ
9vs46
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وَلَوْ أَرَادُواْ الْخُرُوجَ لأَعَدُّواْ لَهُ عُدَّةً وَلَـكِن كَرِهَ اللّهُ انبِعَاثَهُمْ فَثَبَّطَهُمْ وَقِيلَ اقْعُدُواْ مَعَ الْقَاعِدِينَ
Walaw aradoo alkhurooja laaAAaddoo lahu AAuddatan walakin kariha Allahu inbiAAathahum fathabbatahum waqeela oqAAudoo maAAa alqaAAideena
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Yoruba Translation
Hausa Translation
Kuma dã sun yi nufin fita, dã sun yi wani tattali sabõda shi, kuma amma Allah Ya ƙi zãburarsu, sai Ya nauyayar da zamansu. Kuma aka ce ku zauna tãre da mãsu(2) zama.
If they had intended to come out, they would certainly have made some preparation therefor; but Allah was averse to their being sent forth; so He made them lag behind, and they were told, "Sit ye among those who sit (inactive)."
And if they had intended to go forth, they would certainly have provided equipment for it, but Allah did not like their going forth, so He withheld them, and it was said (to them): Hold back with those who hold back.
And if they had wished to go forth they would assuredly have made ready some equipment, but Allah was averse to their being sent forth and held them back and it was said (unto them): Sit ye with the sedentary!
Asbabu n-Nuzuul (Occasions of Revelation)
(Had it been a near adventure and an easy journey they had followed theeﾅ) [9:42-47]. Allah then revealed about those hypocrites who stayed behind and did not take part in the Battle of Tabuk (Had it been a near adventure and an easy journey they had followed theeﾅ). He also revealed (Had they gone forth among you they had added to you naught save troubleﾅ). This is because when the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, set forth, he camped his troops at al-Wada ﾒs mountain trail while Abd Allah ibn Ubayy camped his troops at a clear trodden path below the mountain trail of al-Wada. His troops were no less than the troops which were with the Prophet.
When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, marched again, Abd Allah ibn Ubayy, the hypocrites and the doubters stayed behind. To consol His Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, Allah, exalted is He, revealed (Had they gone forth among you they had added to you naught save troubleﾅ).
Exposing Hypocrites
Allah said,
وَلَوْ أَرَادُواْ الْخُرُوجَ ...
And if they had intended to march out,
with you to participate in Jihad,
... لأَعَدُّواْ لَهُ عُدَّةً ...
certainly, they would have made some preparation for it,
they would have prepared for such task,
... وَلَـكِن كَرِهَ اللّهُ انبِعَاثَهُمْ ...
but Allah was averse to their being sent forth,
Allah hated that they should go with you,
... فَثَبَّطَهُمْ ...
so He made them lag behind, and stay away (from Jihad),
... وَقِيلَ اقْعُدُواْ مَعَ الْقَاعِدِينَ ﴿٤٦﴾
and it was said (to them): "Sit you among those who sit (at home).''
as a part of what was decreed for them (not that He legislated that they stay behind).
Allah then explained why He disliked that they march with the believers, saying,
يقول تعالى " ولو أرادوا الخروج " أي معك إلى الغزو " لأعدوا له عدة " أي لكانوا تأهبوا له " ولكن كره الله انبعاثهم " أي أبغض أن يخرجوا معكم قدرا " فثبطهم " أي أخرهم " وقيل اقعدوا مع القاعدين " أي قدرا ثم بين تعالى وجه كراهيته لخروجهم مع المؤمنين .
"ولو أرادوا الخروج" معك "لأعدوا له عدة" أهبة من الآلة والزاد "ولكن كره الله انبعاثهم" أي لم يرد خروجهم "فثبطهم" كسلهم "وقيل" وقيل لهم "اقعدوا مع القاعدين" المرضى والنساء والصبيان أي قدر الله تعالى ذلك
أي لو أرادوا الجهاد لتأهبوا أهبة السفر . فتركهم الاستعداد دليل على إرادتهم التخلف .
I'raab - grammatical analysis of the Qur'an
«وَلَوْ» الواو استئنافية.
«لَوْ» شرطية.
«أَرادُوا الْخُرُوجَ» فعل ماض وفاعل ومفعول به والجملة مستأنفة لا محل لها.
«لَأَعَدُّوا» فعل ماض وفاعله ، واللام واقعة في جواب الشرط.
«لَهُ» متعلقان بالفعل.
«عُدَّةً» مفعول به.
«وَلكِنْ» الواو عاطفة.
«لكِنْ» حرف استدراك.
«كَرِهَ اللَّهُ انْبِعاثَهُمْ» فعل ماض ولفظ الجلالة فاعل ومفعول به والجملة معطوفة على جملة مقدرة أي قصّروا في إعداد العدة فكره الله انبعاثهم.
«فَثَبَّطَهُمْ» الفاء عاطفة وفعل ماض ومفعول به والجملة معطوفة.
«وَقِيلَ» ماض. ونائب فاعله مستتر أي قيل القول.
«اقْعُدُوا» فعل أمر وفاعله.
«مَعَ» ظرف مكان متعلق بالفعل.
«الْقاعِدِينَ» مضاف إليه مجرور وعلامة جره الياء لأنه جمع مذكر سالم ، والجملة مقول القول وجملة قيل معطوفة.